Waad A Samman 
For correspondence:- Email: wsamman@taibahu.edu.sa Tel:+966555320314
Accepted: 8 July 2024 Published: 31 July 2024
Citation: Samman WA. An overview of polypharmacology: A multifaceted approach to drug development. Trop J Pharm Res 2024; 23(7):1215-1224 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v23i7.21
© 2024 The authors.
This is an Open Access article that uses a funding model which does not charge readers or their institutions for access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0) and the Budapest Open Access Initiative (http://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/read), which permit unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited..
The idea of polypharmacology describes the ability of a molecule to interact with two or more targets at once. When compared to traditional single-targeting compounds, it has numerous advantages. Several proteins and pathways are involved in the initiation and progression of complex and multifactorial diseases such as cancer. A chemical must be promiscuous, or able to interact with various targets, to be considered polypharmacologic. It must also be able to avoid attaching to anti-targets, which would cause off-target negative effect. Researchers anticipate whether or not a developed molecule will be promiscuous by looking for specific structural traits and physicochemical qualities. Promiscuity is determined using cutting-edge, modern computational techniques. The "one drug, multiple targets" polypharmacology paradigm has many uses, particularly in drug repurposing which is the process of developing an already-approved medication for novel use. Details on how one might purposefully introduce promiscuity into compounds to make them polypharmacologic are also provided in this review.
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