Omonkhelin Josephine Owolabi1 
,
Silvanus O Inninh2,
Ogochukwu Ngozi Anaka3,
Osaretin Abiemwense Iyamu1
For correspondence:- Omonkhelin Owolabi Email: owolabi@uniben.edu Tel:+2348034120318
Received: 1 April 2014 Accepted: 27 September 2014 Published: 24 November 2014
Citation: Owolabi OJ, Inninh SO, Anaka ON, Iyamu OA. Antidiabetic and Hypolipidemic Effects of Methanol Leaf Extract of Napoleona vogelii (Lecythidaceae) Hook & Planch on Alloxan-Induced Diabetes Mellitus in Rats. Trop J Pharm Res 2014; 13(11):1903-1909 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v13i11.19
© 2014 The authors.
This is an Open Access article that uses a funding model which does not charge readers or their institutions for access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0) and the Budapest Open Access Initiative (http://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/read), which permit unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited..
Purpose: To evaluate the antihyperglycaemic and hypolipidemic effects of Napoleona vogelii Hook. & Planch (Lecythidaceae) methanol leaves extract in alloxan-induced diabetes in rats.
Methods: The leaves were extracted via cold maceration using 70 % methanol. Diabetes was then induced using alloxan (150 mg/kg I.P). Alloxan-induced diabetic rats were divided into 5 groups of 5 each and were treated with 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg of the methanol extract. The 4th and 5th diabetic groups were given glibenclamide (5 mg/kg) and distilled water respectively. The 6th group, normal rats were given distilled water. Treatment was continued daily and orally for 14 days. Blood glucose levels were monitored at 0, 2, 4, 8 and 24 h, and 14th days. The lipid profile was determined on the 14th day of administration. Oral acute toxicity and phytochemical screening were also carried out on the extract.
Results: The extract significantly (p < 0.05) reduce fasting blood glucose level at 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg notably from the 4th hour to the 14th day. The effect of the extract compared well with that of glibenclamide which also produced significant reduction (p < 0.05) in blood glucose level in the diabetic rats from the 4th hour onwards. The extract significantly increased and lowered (p < 0.05) High density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol and Low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol + triglycerides), respectively, at 100 and 200 mg/kg doses. Total cholesterol was also significantly reduced (p < 0.05) at 200 and 400 mg/kg doses. Acute toxicity data revealed death at 4 g/kg dose. While phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, tannins and anthraquinones.
Conclusion: These data suggest that Napoleona vogelii leaves have potential hypoglycaemic effect and could be a useful source of an anti-diabetic agent.
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