Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

Antioxidant, antidiabetic and cytotoxicity effects of Euadenia trifoliata leaves extracts

Idowu I Otunomo^1,2 , Tom O Ashafa³, Margaret O Sofidiya⁴, Olayinka T Asekun²

¹Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria; ²Department of Chemistry, University of Lagos, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria; ³Plant Science Department, University of the Free State, Qwaqwa Campus, Free State, South Africa; ⁴Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria.

For correspondence:- Idowu Otunomo Email: idowu.otunomo@unn.edu.ng Tel:+2347033293906

Accepted: 18 December 2021 Published: 31 January 2022

Citation: Otunomo II, Ashafa TO, Sofidiya MO, Asekun OT. Antioxidant, antidiabetic and cytotoxicity effects of Euadenia trifoliata leaves extracts. Trop J Pharm Res 2022; 21(1):119-129 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v21i1.19

© 2022 The authors.
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Abstract

Purpose: Euadenia trifoliata plant is used traditionally for the management and treatment of several diseases. The current study investigates in vitro antidiabetic, antioxidant and cytotoxic potential of the plant.

Methods: The antioxidant activity of the hexane, ethylacetate, methanol and water extracts of Euadenia trifoliata was determined using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6)-sulphonic acid (ABTS), iron chelation, hydroxyl and nitric oxide radical scavenging capability assays. The antidiabetic activity was evaluated by determining the inhibitory effect of the extracts on the activities of α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzyme. Cytotoxic activity was determined against brine shrimps and MCF-7 cancer cell lines using brine shrimp lethality and MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assays respectively.

Results: Methanol and ethyl acetate extracts showed significant (p ≤ 0.05) antidiabetic activity against α-amylase equally (1.38mg/mL) and α-glucosidase (0.52mg/mL and 0.70 mg/mL) respectively compared to hexane and aqueous extracts. Also, both methanol and ethylacetate extracts showed better antioxidant activity compared to other solvent extracts. The ethylacetate extract was found to be highly cytotoxic and aqueous extract showed no cytotoxicity against brine shrimps. None of the extracts were found to be cytotoxic against MCF-7 breast cancer.

Conclusion: Methanol and ethylacetate extracts of E. trifoliata possess better antioxidant, antidiabetics and cytotoxic activities against brine shrimps compared to non-polar (hexane) and polar (aqueous) extracts.

Keywords: Euadenia trifoliata, antioxidants, antidiabetics and cytotoxicity