Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

Bergenin from Cissus javana DC. (Vitaceae) root extract enhances glucose uptake by rat L6 myotubes

Htoo Tint San^1,2, Panitch Boonsnongcheep³, Waraporm Putalun³, Boonchoo Sritularak¹, Kittisak Likhitwitayawuid¹

¹Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; ²Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Pharmacy (Yangon) 11031, Myanmar; ³Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.

For correspondence:- Kittisak Likhitwitayawuid Email: Kittisak.L@chula.ac.th Tel:+662188360

Accepted: 24 April 2020 Published: 31 May 2020

Citation: San HT, Boonsnongcheep P, Putalun W, Sritularak B, Likhitwitayawuid K. Bergenin from Cissus javana DC. (Vitaceae) root extract enhances glucose uptake by rat L6 myotubes. Trop J Pharm Res 2020; 19(5):1081-1086 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v19i5.25

© 2020 The authors.
This is an Open Access article that uses a funding model which does not charge readers or their institutions for access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0) and the Budapest Open Access Initiative (http://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/read), which permit unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited..

Abstract

Purpose: To examine the glucose uptake stimulatory activity of the root extract of Cissus javana DC. (Vitaceae) in L6 myotubes of rat, and also to identify the extract’s active principles.

Methods: The methanol extract was prepared from Cissus javana tuberous roots and evaluated for glucose uptake stimulatory effects on L6 rat muscle cells and inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase. The chemical components were isolated using several chromatographic techniques, and their structures characterized by spectroscopic methods. Each isolate was then assayed for glucose uptake stimulatory and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities.

Results: The extract (100 μg/ml) exhibited glucose uptake stimulatory effect (70.9 % enhancement) and α-glucosidase enzyme inhibitory activity (100 % inhibition). Through chromatographic separation, bergenin, stigmast-4-en-3-one and β-sitosterol were isolated and identified. Bergenin, at 100 μg/ml (0.3046 mM), increased glucose uptake by L6 myotubes by 50.5 % without toxicity. At the same concentration, bergenin showed no inhibition on α-glucosidase enzyme, while stigmast-4-en-3-one and β-sitosterol exhibited 98.6 and 40.6 %, inhibition, respectively.

Conclusion: This study is the first report on the chemical constituents, and the glucose uptake stimulatory and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of Cissus javana DC. roots. The findings reveal the antidiabetic potential of the plant and the glucose-uptake enhancing activity of bergenin.

Keywords: Cissus javana, ?-Glucosidase, Antidiabetes, Rat skeletal muscle cells, Bergenin