Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

Effect of amifostine on pulmonary contusion from blunt chest trauma in rats

Ahmet AcÄ±payam¹ , Nadire Eser², AslÄ± EryÄ±lmaz YaylalÄ±², Kerim TÃ¼lÃ¼ce⁴, Atilla Yoldas⁵, Fatma Ä°nanÃ§ Tolun⁶

¹Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Thoracic Surgery; ²Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology; ³Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology; ⁴Recep Tayyip ErdoÄŸan UnÄ±versity Faculty of Medicine, Department of Thoracic Surgery; ⁵Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anatomy; ⁶Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Kahramanmaras, Turkey.

For correspondence:- Ahmet AcÄ±payam Email: ahmetacipayam@hotmail.com

Accepted: 28 January 2023 Published: 28 February 2023

Citation: AcÄ±payam A, Eser N, YaylalÄ± AE, TÃ¼lÃ¼ce K, Yoldas A, Tolun F�. Effect of amifostine on pulmonary contusion from blunt chest trauma in rats. Trop J Pharm Res 2023; 22(2):335-342 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v22i2.16

© 2023 The authors.
This is an Open Access article that uses a funding model which does not charge readers or their institutions for access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0) and the Budapest Open Access Initiative (http://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/read), which permit unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited..

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of different doses of amifostine (AMI) and dexamethasone (DXM) on bilateral pulmonary contusion in rats.

Methods: Forty-two Sprague Dawley rats were divided into six groups of seven animals each (control, pulmonary contusion (PC), PC + AMI 400 mg/kg, PC + AMI 200 mg/kg, PC + AMI 400 mg/kg + DXM, and PC + DXM-treated groups). RelAssay commercial kit was used to determine total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), and oxidative stress index (OSI). Nitric oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) activity associated with blunt trauma induced pulmonary damage were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Blood gas was determined using a blood gas analyzer, while histopathological examinations were performed on the tissues by hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) staining method.

Results: Significant improvement in biochemical parameters and histopathological findings were observed in the groups treated with dexamethasone and high-dose amifostine (400 mg/kg; p < 0.05). However, low-dose amifostine (200 mg/kg) and a combination of dexamethasone with amifostine (400 g/kg) was ineffective in balancing the biochemical changes due to trauma (p > 0.05).

Conclusion: High-dose amifostine combined with dexamethasone mitigates trauma-induced damage in rat by preventing the elevation of key inflammatory markers. Further preclinical and clinical studies are required to determine the efficacy of amifostine in humans and to compare its activity with other agents.

Keywords: Pulmonary contusion, Amifostine, Dexamethasone, Inflammatory markers, Chest trauma