Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

Effect of steam explosion pre-treatment on molecular structure of sweet potato starch

Guanglei Li , Mengxue Chen, Fei Li, Jie Zeng, Junliang Sun

School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China;

For correspondence:- Guanglei Li Email: gl70_hist@163.com Tel:+863733693693

Received: 12 December 2016 Accepted: 23 April 2017 Published: 30 May 2017

Citation: Li G, Chen M, Li F, Zeng J, Sun J. Effect of steam explosion pre-treatment on molecular structure of sweet potato starch. Trop J Pharm Res 2017; 16(5):1113-1119 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v16i5.20

© 2017 The authors.
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Abstract

Purpose: To examine the effect of steam-explosion (SE) strength on the molecular structure of sweet potato starch.

Methods: Sweet potato starch was pre-treated using SE method. The effects of SE pressure and pressure-holding time on the molecular structure of the sweet potato starch were investigated by gel chromatography (GPC), infrared spectroscopy, and grading analysis.

Results: The molecular weight (MW) of the starch pre-treated by SE technology decreased with increasing explosion pressure and pressure-holding time; however, the individual MW of amylopectin and amylose declined from 439,834 and 6578 to 238,603 and 4845, respectively. Furthermore, the peak area ratio (obtained by GPC) of amylopectin decreased from 84.39 to 65.16 % while that of amylose increased from 15.61 to 34.84 %. No new absorption peaks were found in the infrared spectra of sweet potato starch following SE pre-treatment. Crystallization index and median diameter of sweet potato starch increased from 1.661 to 1.959 and from 13.73 µm to 76.36 µm, respectively, with rising pressure and pressure-holding time, following SE pre-treatment.

Conclusion: SE pre-treatment effectively degrades the degree of polymerisation of molecular chains in sweet potato starch and enhances the degree of crystallinity thereof. SE method is an approach for the production of sweet potato starch with high-level anti-digestion characteristics

Keywords: Sweet potato starch, Steam-explosion, Molecular weight, Degree of crystallinity, Particle diameter