Greesty Finotory Swandiny1,
Sutari Masyitah1,
Cipto Kokadir2,
Edward Basilianus2,
Vinessa Gracia Putri2,
Siti Sa'diah3,
Syamsudin Abdillah1 
For correspondence:- Syamsudin Abdillah Email: syamsudin.abdillah@univpancasila.ac.id
Received: 17 December 2023 Accepted: 28 October 2025 Published: 30 November 2025
Citation: Swandiny GF, Masyitah S, Kokadir C, Basilianus E, Putri VG, Sa'diah S, et al. Effects of polyherbal formulation on the quality of spermatozoa in male Wistar rats. Trop J Pharm Res 2025; 24(11):1341-1346 doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v24i11.2
© 2025 The authors.
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Purpose: To determine whether the administration of Formula X (containing Euricoma longifolia radix extract, Pimpinella pruatjan radix extract, Tribulus terrestris fructus extract, Zingiber officinale rhizome extract, and Areca catechu seed extract) can improve the quality of spermatozoa in male Wistar rats. Methods: Fourteen (14) male Wistar rats were divided evenly into 2 groups: the treatment group (given 45 mg/kg of Formula X) and normal control (given distilled water) orally for 48 days. Thereafter, the rats were sacrificed and their cauda epididymis was extracted and the motility, morphology, and total sperm count were determined. Results: The results reveal that the treatment group had a significantly higher mean sperm motility (3.71 ± 0.49) compared to control (3.0 ± 0.0; p < 0.05). Although both groups had normal average morphology, the treatment group showed a significantly higher value (76.85 ± 0.48 %) in comparison with normal control (63.45 ± 1.26 %; p < 0.05). In addition, the treatment group had a significantly higher mean total spermatozoa count (32.86 ± 3.93 million/mL) compared to normal control (16.43 ± 4.76 million/mL; p < 0.05). Conclusion: Formula X has a spermatogenic effect, which implies improved spermatozoa quality. Studies to explore the effect of Formula X on testicular histopathology and spermatozoa viability would be required.
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