Evren Algın Yapar1 
,
Özge İnal2
For correspondence:- Evren Yapar Email: algin@pharmacy.ankara.edu.tr Tel:+905323825686
Received: 7 March 2012 Accepted: 31 October 2012 Published: 13 December 2012
Citation: Yapar EA, İnal &. Pharmaceutical Approaches and Advancements in Male Contraception. Trop J Pharm Res 2012; 11(6):1013-1021 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v11i6.19
© 2012 The authors.
This is an Open Access article that uses a funding model which does not charge readers or their institutions for access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0) and the Budapest Open Access Initiative (http://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/read), which permit unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited..
Currently available contraceptive methods offer a variety of options for women, but only very few for men which include surgical methods, condom and hormonal methods. Non-surgical and non-hormonal methods are under investigation. Among these, hormonal contraceptive approaches, including injections, oral and transdermal delivery systems of testosterone, have attracted the attention of investigators. Also non-hormonal approaches based on chemicals extracted from different plants such as cotton seed plant, Neem tree, Trypterigium wilfordii and Momordica Charantia seed, are known to have effect on male fertility. Additionally, alkylated imino sugars, Ca++ channel blockers, indenopyridines, indazole-3-carboxylic acid analogues, reversible inhibition of sperm under guidance (RISUG) which involves injection of stericmaleic anhydride with dimethyl sulfoxide, spermicide–microbicide (including gel formulations) and vaccine approaches are intended to interfere in a certain fertilization step. Information obtained from multi-center studies in several countries on both men or women shows the necessity for additional reversible male contraceptive methods. Results from recent surveys clearly indicate that there is a market and a need for novel pharmaceutical preparations for male contraception.
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