Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

Phytochemical analysis and bioactivity screening of three medicinal plants of Saudi Arabia

Lamya H Al-Wahaibi¹, Adeem Mahmood² , Merajuddin Khan², Hamad Z Alkhathlan²

¹Department of Chemistry, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, PO Box 84428, Riyadh-11671; ²Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.

For correspondence:- Adeem Mahmood Email: madeem@ksu.edu.sa Tel:+966114675910

Accepted: 29 January 2020 Published: 29 February 2020

Citation: Al-Wahaibi LH, Mahmood A, Khan M, Alkhathlan HZ. Phytochemical analysis and bioactivity screening of three medicinal plants of Saudi Arabia. Trop J Pharm Res 2020; 19(2):371-376 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v19i2.20

© 2020 The authors.
This is an Open Access article that uses a funding model which does not charge readers or their institutions for access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0) and the Budapest Open Access Initiative (http://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/read), which permit unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited..

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the phytochemical analysis and bioactivity screening of some Asteraceae medicinal plants.

Methods: The chemical constituents were isolated by column chromatography and elucidated using chemical and extensive spectroscopic methodologies including gas chromatoraphy-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), as well as 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The plant extracts were obtained by solvent extraction method while hydrodistillation was used to isolate plant essential oils. Furthermore, cup-plate agar diffusion was applied for antimicrobial activity evaluation while minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was assessed by microdilution technique.

Results: Centaurea pseudosinaica, Tripleurospermum auriculatum, and Koelpinia linearis afforded previously undescribed three coumarins (xanthotoxin, cirsimaritin, salvigenins) from C. pseudosinaica, one steroid (estradiol) and a pentacyclic triterpene (β-amyrin) from T. auriculatum and a coumarin (santin) from K. linearis in good yields. In addition, the plant extracts and oils exhibited remarkable bioactivities including antifungal, antibacterial and antipyretic etc.

Conclusion: The results reveal the presence of bioactive phytomolecules from Asteraceae plant extracts and volatile oils from three Asteraceae plants.

Keywords: C. pseudosinaica, T. auriculatum, K. linearis, Xanthotoxin, Salvigenin, Cirsimaritin, Santin, Estradiol, ^6;-amyrin, Antimicrobial activity