Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

Population pharmacokinetics of vancomycin in Jordanian patients

Needa Zalloum¹, Mohammad I Saleh¹, Mohannad Al Haj², Montaser Balbisi³, Mutasim Al-Ghazawi¹

¹Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, The University of Jordan; ²Department of Pharmacy; ³Department of Internal Medicine, Jordan Hospital, Amman, Jordan.

For correspondence:- Mutasim Al-Ghazawi Email: alghazam@ju.edu.jo

Accepted: 16 January 2018 Published: 28 February 2018

Citation: Zalloum N, Saleh MI, Haj MA, Balbisi M, Al-Ghazawi M. Population pharmacokinetics of vancomycin in Jordanian patients. Trop J Pharm Res 2018; 17(2):351-358 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v17i2.22

© 2018 The authors.
This is an Open Access article that uses a funding model which does not charge readers or their institutions for access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0) and the Budapest Open Access Initiative (http://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/read), which permit unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited..

Abstract

Purpose: To characterize vancomycin pharmacokinetic properties in a Jordanian population and identify patients’ characteristics that influence vancomycin disposition.

Methods: A non-linear mixed-effects modeling was applied to evaluate vancomycin population pharmacokinetic parameters in Jordanian patients using NONMEM software. Vancomycin concentrations were obtained retrospectively from patients’ medical records. Demographic, clinical, medication-related, and medical history data were collected and examined as potential predictors of vancomycin disposition.

Results: A total of 164 plasma vancomycin measurements from 110 patients, including neonates, older children and adults were collected. Vancomycin pharmacokinetics was described using a one-compartment model. Based on NONMEM objective function value, the selection of other models (e.g., two or three compartments) did not improve the performance of the pharmacokinetic model. Identified predictors of vancomycin clearance include: weight, serum creatinine, chronic renal failure, acute kidney injury and gender. Vancomycin volume of distribution was associated with weight and n-acetylcystine administration.

Conclusion: The present analysis is a preliminary step toward developing a vancomycin dosing algorithm in Jordanian population.

Keywords: Vancomycin, Population pharmacokinetics, NONMEM