Ahlam A Alahmadi1 ,
Bassam A Alahmadi2
For correspondence:- Ahlam Alahmadi Email: aaalahmadi1@kau.edu.sa
Accepted: 9 July 2024 Published: 31 July 2024
Citation: Alahmadi AA, Alahmadi BA. Rosemary leaf extract alleviates testicular impairment, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Trop J Pharm Res 2024; 23(7):1055-1061 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v23i7.2
© 2024 The authors.
This is an Open Access article that uses a funding model which does not charge readers or their institutions for access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0) and the Budapest Open Access Initiative (http://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/read), which permit unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited..
Purpose: To investigate the protective effect of ethanol extract of rosemary leaf (EERL) (Rosmarinus officinalis L., family Lamiaceae) against testicular damage in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes rats. Methods: The study involved four groups of rats (n = 6). Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) was induced by injection of 50 mg/kg of STZ. Group 1 served as the control (non-diabetic) group. Group 2 included T2D rats without treatment. Group 3 comprised T2D rats treated with EERL at 200 mg/kg. Group 4 consisted of T2D rats treated with EERL at a dose of 400 mg/kg. The extract was administered orally once a day for 4 weeks. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), and oxidative stress markers (superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)) levels were assessed. Additionally, histopathological examination using H & E staining and immunohistochemical analysis was conducted to evaluate the ex Results: Compared to the untreated T2D rats, EERL administration at 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg produced a significant decrease (p ? 0.05) in FBG levels and elevated levels of serum testosterone, FSH, and LH hormones (p ? 0.05). Additionally, EERL administration (both doses) compared to the untreated T2D group led to a significant (p ? 0.05) reduction in testicular MDA content and significant (p ? 0.05) enhancement of GSH, SOD, and GPx. Moreover, EERL exhibited potential inhibition of STZ-induced testicular damage and successfully averted apoptotic reactions by significantly reducing caspase-3 ex Conclusion: Ethanol extract of rosemary leaf (EERL) diminishes testicular damage, and counteracts oxidative burden and apoptosis in T2D rats. Ethanol extract from rosemary may be a source of molecules for development as a medicine to support sexual hormones in individuals with diabetes.
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