Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

Methanol Extract of Hydroclathrus clathratus Inhibits Production of Nitric Oxide, Prostaglandin E2 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 Microglial Cells via Inhibition of NF-kB Activity

RGPT Jayasooriya¹, Dong-Oh Moon², Yung Hyun Choi³, Chang Hoon Yoon⁴, Gi-Young Kim¹

¹Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756; ²Department of Biology Education, College of Education, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-714; ³Department of Biochemistry, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongeui University, Busan 614-054; ⁴Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Natural Science, Jeju National University, 690-756, Republic of Korea.

For correspondence:- Gi-Young Kim Email: immunkim@jejunu.ac.kr Tel:+82647543427

Received: 4 March 2011 Accepted: 16 September, 2011 Published: 25 December 2011

Citation: Jayasooriya R, Moon D, Choi YH, Yoon CH, Kim G. Methanol Extract of Hydroclathrus clathratus Inhibits Production of Nitric Oxide, Prostaglandin E2 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 Microglial Cells via Inhibition of NF-kB Activity. Trop J Pharm Res 2011; 10(6):723-730 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v10i6.4

© 2011 The authors.
This is an Open Access article that uses a funding model which does not charge readers or their institutions for access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0) and the Budapest Open Access Initiative (http://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/read), which permit unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited..

Abstract

Purpose: Hydroclathrus clathratus is a brown marine seaweed known to possess anti-cancer, anti-herpetic, and anti-coagulant activities. The present study is aimed at investigating some anti-inflammatory effects of H. clathratus.

Methods: We investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of the methanol extract of H. clathratus (MEHC) by expression of mRNA and protein using RT-PCR and Western blot analysis in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV2 microglial cells. The level of nitric oxide (NO) production was analyzed using Griess reaction. The release of prostaglandin E₂(PGE₂) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were determined using sandwich ELISA. NF-κB activation was detected using EMSA methods.

Results: The results obtained indicate that the extract (MEHC) inhibited LPS-induced NO, PGE₂, and TNF-α production without any significant cytotoxicity (p < 0.05). MEHC also inhibited production of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and TNF-α mRNA in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglial cells. In addition, MEHC significantly reduced (p < 0.05) nuclear translocation of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) subunits, p50 and p65, and its DNA-binding activity in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglial cells.

Conclusion: These results suggest that MEHC suppresses the induction of TNF-α, as well as iNOS and COX-2 expression, by blocking LPS-induced NF-κB activation.

Keywords: Hydroclathrus clathratus, Nitric oxide, Prostaglandin E2, Tumor necrosis factor-^5;, Nuclear factor-_4;B