Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

Formulation of Bioadhesive Carbomer Gel Incorporating Drug-Loaded Gelatin Microspheres for Periodontal Therapy

K Karthikeyan¹, R Durgadevi¹, K Saravanan¹, K Shivsankar¹, S Usha², M Saravanan²

¹Vels College of Pharmacy, Pallavaram, Chennai, India; ²Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Sunway Campus, Malaysia 46150.

For correspondence:- M Saravanan Email: msaravanan72@hotmail.com Tel:+603 55144926

Received: 11 July 2011 Accepted: 9 April 2012 Published: 15 June 2012

Citation: Karthikeyan K, Durgadevi R, Saravanan K, Shivsankar K, Usha S, Saravanan M. Formulation of Bioadhesive Carbomer Gel Incorporating Drug-Loaded Gelatin Microspheres for Periodontal Therapy. Trop J Pharm Res 2012; 11(3):335-343 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v11i3.1

© 2012 The authors.
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Abstract

Purpose: To formulate carbomer gel to localize and target drug action in periodontal pockets.

Methods: Diclofenac sodium (DS, anti-inflammatory) and metronidazole hydrochloride (MH, antibacterial) were loaded in gelatin microspheres using glutaraldehyde cross-linking. The microspheres were evaluated for drug loading, entrapment and encapsulation efficiency, particle size, drug release as well as by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The microspheres were incorporated into carbomer gel and evaluated for drug release.

Results: Loading, entrapment and encapsulation efficiencies of DS in the microsphere were 23.4, 93.6, and 74.9 w/w%, respectively, while for MH the values were 21.5, 86.0 and 73.1 % w/w, respectively. Mean particle size of unloaded microspheres, DS- and MH-loaded microspheres was 33.5, 67.8 and 51.4 µm, respectively. SEM showed spherical geometry of microspheres while DSC indicated the amorphous nature of t entrapped DS and MH. Sustained release of DS and MH over a 4-h period from the microspheres and gel was achieved.

Conclusion: Carbomer gel loaded with microspheres of diclofenac and metronidazole is a potential localized delivery system for the treatment inflammation and infection in periodontal pockets.

Keywords: Gelatin microspheres, Bioadhesive dosage forms, Metronidazole, Diclofenac, Periodontal disease, Sustained release