Tsun-Thai Chai1,2 
,
Yixian Quah2,
Keng-Fei Ooh2,
Nor Ismaliza Mohd Ismail1,3,
Yee-Von Ang3,
Sanmugapriya Elamparuthi2,
Loo-Yew Yeoh2,
Hean-Chooi Ong4,
Fai-Chu Wong1,2
For correspondence:- Tsun-Thai Chai Email: chaitt@utar.edu.my Tel:+6054688888
Received: 27 May 2013 Accepted: 8 June 2013 Published: 18 October 2013
Citation: Chai T, Quah Y, Ooh K, Ismail NI, Ang Y, Elamparuthi S, et al. Anti-Proliferative, Antioxidant and Iron-Chelating Properties of the Tropical Highland Fern, Phymatopteris triloba (Houtt) Pichi Serm (Family Polypodiaceae). Trop J Pharm Res 2013; 12(5):747-753 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v12i5.13
© 2013 The authors.
This is an Open Access article that uses a funding model which does not charge readers or their institutions for access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0) and the Budapest Open Access Initiative (http://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/read), which permit unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited..
Purpose: To determine the phenolic constituents as well as anti-proliferative, antioxidant and iron-chelating activities of the leaf and rhizome extracts of Phymatopteris triloba.
Methods: Concentrations of selected hydroxybenzoic acids, hydroxycinnamic acids and flavonoids in aqueous extracts were quantified using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Anti-proliferative activity was assessed on human cervix cancer cell line (HeLa) and human chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line (K562). Superoxide and nitric oxide scavenging activities as well as iron-chelating activity were determined colorimetrically.
Results: Protocatechuic acid content of the rhizome extract (154.7 mg/g dry matter (DM)) was 1.9-fold higher than in the leaf extract. p-Hydroxybenzoic acid (34.6 mg/g DM) and gallic acid (18.9 mg/g DM), were only detected in the rhizome extract. Sinapic acid (6.6 mg/g DM) was detected in the leaf extract only. Myricetin content of leaf extract (98.5 mg/g DM) was 3.7-fold higher compared with the rhizome extract. At 500 mg DM/ml, both extracts produced about 40 and 30 % anti-proliferative activity on HeLa cells and K562 cells, respectively. Both extracts had moderate nitric oxide-scavenging and iron-chelating activities. The leaf extract half-maximal effective concentration (EC50) value of 0.85 mg/ml (scavenging of superoxide radicals) was higher than that of ascorbic acid.
Conclusion: P. triloba is a potential source of anti-proliferative, antioxidant and iron-chelating agents. Its bioactivities may be attributed to the presence of phenolic constituents.
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