Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

Bactericidal, Bacteriolytic, and Antibacterial Virulence Activities of Boesenbergia pandurata (Roxb) Schltr Extract against Streptococcus pyogenes

Surasak Limsuwan¹, Supayang Piyawan Voravuthikunchai²

¹Faculty of Traditional Thai Medicine; ²Department of Microbiology, Natural Product Research Center of Excellence, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand.

For correspondence:- Supayang Voravuthikunchai Email: supayang.v@psu.ac.th Tel:+16674446661

Received: 5 December 2012 Accepted: 18 November 2013 Published: 24 December 2013

Citation: Limsuwan S, Voravuthikunchai SP. Bactericidal, Bacteriolytic, and Antibacterial Virulence Activities of Boesenbergia pandurata (Roxb) Schltr Extract against Streptococcus pyogenes. Trop J Pharm Res 2013; 12(6):1023-1028 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v12i6.23

© 2013 The authors.
This is an Open Access article that uses a funding model which does not charge readers or their institutions for access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0) and the Budapest Open Access Initiative (http://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/read), which permit unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited..

Abstract

Purpose: To determine the anti-Streptococcus pyogenes activity of the chloroform extract of Boesenbergia pandurata (Roxb.) Schltr. (Zingiberaceae) and investigate its possible antibacterial mechanisms of action.

Methods: Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values were investigated against 47 clinical isolates of S. pyogenes. Time-kill study was performed to determine how quickly the extract acts on S. pyogenes. The ability of the extract to damage bacterial cell wall and effects on S. pyogenes virulence factors including protease enzyme and haemolysin were investigated.

Results: The extract exhibited good antibacterial activity against all of the clinical isolates of S. pyogenes with similar MIC and MBC ranging from 3.91-62.50 µg/ml. Complete killing of the bacterial cells by the extract at concentrations of 4MIC, 2MIC, and MIC occurred within 4, 8, and 12 h, respectively. Treatment of the bacterial cells with the extract at 2MIC and 4MIC caused cell lysis. All the test concentrations (1/32 - 1/2MIC) produced no effects on protease and haemolysin enzymes.

Conclusion: Boesenbergia pandurata extract has powerful in vitro activity against S. pyogenes. The ability of the extract to lyse the bacterial cells suggests that the mechanism of action may be associated with cell wall and cell membrane damage.

Keywords: Antibacterial, Bacteriocidal, Bacteriolytic, Virulence, Boesenbergia pandurata, Streptococcus pyogenes