Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)–producing Gram-negative isolates from urine and wound specimens in a tertiary health facility in southern Nigeria

Helen O Ogefere¹ , Patience A Aigbiremwen², Richard Omoregie¹

¹Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Benin; ²School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria.

For correspondence:- Helen Ogefere Email: helenogefere@yahoo.com

Received: 21 March 2015 Accepted: 23 May 2015 Published: 29 June 2015

Citation: Ogefere HO, Aigbiremwen PA, Omoregie R. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)–producing Gram-negative isolates from urine and wound specimens in a tertiary health facility in southern Nigeria. Trop J Pharm Res 2015; 14(6):1089-1094 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v14i6.22

© 2015 The authors.
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Abstract

Purpose: To determine the prevalence of extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) producing Gram negative bacteria causing wound and urinary tract infections among in- and out-patients in a tertiary health facility.

Methods: The presence of ESBL was determined among 230 Gram negative bacilli isolated from wound (105) and urine (125) specimens from in- and out-patients who attended University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH) for treatment using the double disc synergy method. Disc susceptibility test was performed on all isolates using standard techniques.

Results: There was no significant difference in the prevalence of ESBL production between isolates from wound (47.6 %) and urine (41.6 %) as well as between in-patients (48.8 %) and out–patients (39.38 %). Enterobacter species were the most prevalent producers of ESBL from both wound and urine specimens as well as from both in- and out–patients. Bacterial isolates that produced ESBL were more resistant to amoxicillin-clavulanate, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin compared to non-ESBL producers.

Conclusion: A high prevalence (44.3%) of ESBL producing Gram–negative bacteria was observed among the patients, with Enterobacter species being the most prevalent. Prudent use of antibacterial agents is advocated to stem the tide.

Keywords: Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, Enterobacter species, Wound, Urine, Gram negative bacteria