Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

In vivo Antimalarial Activity of Methanol and Water Extracts of Eryngium thorifolium Boiss (Apiaceae Family) against P. berghei in Infected Mice

Ipek Ostan Ural¹, Hüsniye Kayalar² , Cenk Durmuskahya³, Ibrahim Cavus⁴, Ahmet Ozbilgin⁴

¹Vocational School of Health Services, Celal Bayar University, Manisa; ²Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Izmir; ³Faculty of Education, Demirci; ⁴Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Celal Bayar University Manisa, Turkey.

For correspondence:- Hüsniye Kayalar Email: husniyekayalar@gmail.com Tel:+902323112549

Received: 18 February 2014 Accepted: 24 July 2014 Published: 18 August 2014

Citation: Ural IO, Kayalar H, Durmuskahya C, Cavus I, Ozbilgin A. In vivo Antimalarial Activity of Methanol and Water Extracts of Eryngium thorifolium Boiss (Apiaceae Family) against P. berghei in Infected Mice. Trop J Pharm Res 2014; 13(8):1313-1317 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v13i8.16

© 2014 The authors.
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Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the in vivo antimalarial effect of Eryngium thorifolium, an endemic plant in Turkey.

Methods: The methanol and water extracts were prepared and phytochemical analysis conducted on the extracts. Twenty four healthy Balb/c male mice, divided into 4 groups (n = 6), were infected intravenously with Plasmodium berghei and 100 - 250 mg/kg plant extracts administered orally in a single dose per day for 5 days. The untreated group of mice received normal saline solution and chloroquine (standard drug) served as reference drug.

Results: The water extract group (250 mg/kg) prolonged the survival of the mice by 6 days compared with the untreated mice while the mice that received choloroquine treatment remained alive at the end of the study of the mice. In the untreated control group, maximum parasitaemia was observed on the 10th day of infection whereas The water extract exhibited some degree of antiplasmodial activity compared to untreated control group. The mice of chloroquine treated group remained alive at the end of the study with 100 % chemosuppression (p < 0.05). In the untreated control group, maximum parasitaemia was observed on the 10th day of infection whereas in the water extract group maximum parasitaemia was attained on the 16th day of infection. The water extract of the plant showed 45.85 % chemosuppression. Phytochemical screening of the water and methanol extracts revealed the presence of flavonoids, terpenoids and tannins. Anthraquinones were positive for water extract.

Conclusions: The possible active compounds responsible for the observed chemosupression may be flavonoids, terpeneoids and anthraquinones which are present in the extract. This is the first report on the in vivo antimalarial activity of E. thorifolium.

Keywords: Antimalarial, Eryngium thorifolium, Plasmodium berghei, flavonoids, terpeneoids, anthraquinones