Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

Clinical Investigation of Treatment Failure in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Treated with Metformin and Glibenclamide at a Hospital in Northwestern Nigeria

Bilyaminu Abubakar¹ , Rabiu T Giaze¹, Ahmad Haliru²

¹Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto; ²Ministry of Health, Gusau, Nigeria.

For correspondence:- Bilyaminu Abubakar Email: abu3163abu@yahoo.co.uk Tel:+2348030648935

Received: 15 May 2014 Accepted: 2 August 2014 Published: 24 September 2014

Citation: Abubakar B, Giaze RT, Haliru A. Clinical Investigation of Treatment Failure in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Treated with Metformin and Glibenclamide at a Hospital in Northwestern Nigeria. Trop J Pharm Res 2014; 13(9):1521-1526 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v13i9.20

© 2014 The authors.
This is an Open Access article that uses a funding model which does not charge readers or their institutions for access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0) and the Budapest Open Access Initiative (http://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/read), which permit unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited..

Abstract

Purpose: To examine body mass index (BMI), occupation, sex, age, and duration of therapy as contributory factors in treatment failure in type 2 diabetic patients taking metformin and glibenclamide in a tertiary hospital in Northwestern Nigeria.

Method: A retrospective case control study was employed where variables (age, sex, body mass index, tribe, duration of therapy, glycaemic profile and occupation) for a total of 520 type 2 diabetic patients that took metformin and glibenclamide for a minimum of 1 year were examined. Patients were classified into two groups based on progression to triple oral therapy or a switch from metformin and glibenclamide therapy.

Results: Of the 520 patients analysed, 276 failed treatment. Over 90 % of the patients were > 40 years while 61 % had been on treatment for > 4 years. The subjects’ mean age was 53.22 ± 9.03 years. The mean population body mass index (BMI) was 27 kg/m². Housewives comprised more than half of the population (55.5 %). The mean fasting blood glucose and 2 h post prandial blood glucose levels of group 1 were 5.99 ± 0.67 mmol/L and 8.76 ± 2.19 mmol/L respectively while the corresponding values for group 2 were 12.55 ± 4.12 mmol/L and 18.42 ± 5.3 mmol/L, respectively.

Conclusion: Progressive deterioration in pancreatic ß-cell function, BMI > 28 kg/m², advancing age, and young age at diagnosis were identified as contributory factors to the development of secondary failure in type 2 diabetics receiving metformin and glibenclamide.

Keywords: Diabetes, Glibenclamide, Metformin, Pancreatic ÃŸ-cell function, Treatment failure