Khurram Afzal1,
Muhammad Uzair1,
Bashir Ahmad Chaudhry1,
Samina Afzal1,
Ardas Masood2,
Malik Saadullah1,
Muhammad Imran Qadir2 
For correspondence:- Muhammad Qadir Email: mrimranqadir@hotmail.com
Received: 2 March 2017 Accepted: 18 July 2017 Published: 31 August 2017
Citation: Afzal K, Uzair M, Chaudhry BA, Afzal S, Masood A, Saadullah M, et al. Immunomodulatory, antiglycation and anti-ulcerative properties of Ruellia squarrosa Fenzl Acanthaceae. Trop J Pharm Res 2017; 16(8):1751-1755 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v16i8.1
© 2017 The authors.
This is an Open Access article that uses a funding model which does not charge readers or their institutions for access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0) and the Budapest Open Access Initiative (http://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/read), which permit unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited..
Purpose: To evaluate the immunomodulatory, antiglycation and anti-ulcerative properties of Ruellia squarrosa Fenzl. Acanthaceae.
Methods: Aerial parts and roots of Ruellia squarrosa were collected and extracted by maceration using dichloromethane and methanol as solvents. Luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence assay was used to evaluate immunomodulatory activity while antiglycation assay was performed by fluorescence method with rutin as standard. Anti-ulcerative activity was evaluated by enzymatic methods, namely, urease inhibition and carbonic anhydrase inhibition assays.
Results: Dichloromethane extract showed immunomodulatory activity with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 39.48 ± 8.06 % using ibuprofen as standard and antiglycation effect (IC50 = 382.21 ± 3.43) using rutin as standard. The methanol extract of the aerial parts of the plant showed urease inhibition activity (IC50 = 130.2 ± 0.57) using thiourea as standard. The methanol extract of the aerial parts of the plant also showed carbonic anhydrase inhibition activity (IC50 = 1656.7 ± 0.08) using acetazolamide as standard.
Conclusion: It was concluded from the present study that aerial and root extracts of the Ruellia squarrosa have significant immunomodulatory, antiglycation and anti-ulcerative properties.
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