Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

In vitro growth-inhibitory activity of Calophyllum inophyllum ethanol leaf extract against diarrhoea-causing bacteria

Tomas Kudera¹, Johana Rondevaldova¹, Rashmi Kant², Mohammed Umar², Eva Skrivanova³, Ladislav Kokoska¹

¹Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic; ²School of Agriculture and Food Technology, Faculty of Business and Economy, The University of the South Pacific, Private Bag, Apia, Independent State of Samoa; ³Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.

For correspondence:- Ladislav Kokoska Email: kokoska@ftz.czu.cz Tel:+420224382180

Accepted: 18 August 2017 Published: 30 September 2017

Citation: Kudera T, Rondevaldova J, Kant R, Umar M, Skrivanova E, Kokoska L. In vitro growth-inhibitory activity of Calophyllum inophyllum ethanol leaf extract against diarrhoea-causing bacteria. Trop J Pharm Res 2017; 16(9):2207-2213 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v16i9.23

© 2017 The authors.
This is an Open Access article that uses a funding model which does not charge readers or their institutions for access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0) and the Budapest Open Access Initiative (http://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/read), which permit unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited..

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the in vitro growth-inhibitory effect of Calophyllum inophyllum, a medicinal plant traditionally used to cure gastrointestinal disorders caused by diarrhoea-causing bacteria.

Methods: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of C. inophyllum ethanol leaf extract was determined against six diarrhoea-causing bacteria, namely, Clostridium difficile infant, Clostridium perfringens, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella enterica. The effect of the plant extract on bacterial growth kinetics was further evaluated by slightly modified broth microdilution method.

Results: The plant extract showed significant inhibitory activity against C. perfringens and L. monocytogenes (MIC = 128 μg/mL) followed by C. difficile (MIC = 512 μg/mL). Monitored growth curves also showed that the plant extract at ½ MIC inhibits bacterial growth by distinct extension of the lag phase or suppression of the whole growth rate in C. difficile and L. monocytogenes, respectively.

Conclusion: These results demonstrate the significant anti-clostridial and anti-listerial activities of C. inophyllum ethanol leaf extract. Thus, the extract seems to be a promising material for the development of new antibacterial agents.

Keywords: Calophyllum inophyllum, Alexandrian laurel, Intestinal infections, Antibacterial activity, Anti-clostridial, Anti-listerial