Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

Microwave-assisted green synthesis and antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles derived from a supercritical carbon dioxide extract of the fresh aerial parts of Phyllanthus niruri L

Mohd Haris¹, Arvind Kumar¹, Aftab Ahmad² , Mohammed F Abuzinadah³, Mohammed Basheikh⁴, Shah Alam Khan⁵, Mohd Mujeeb⁶

¹S. D. College of Pharmacy and Vocational Studies, Muzaffar Nagar, UP, India; ²Health Information Technology Department, Jeddah Community College, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80283, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; ³Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; ⁴Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatric Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, PO Box 80215, Saudi Arabia; ⁵Department of Pharmacy, Oman Medical College, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman; ⁶Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India.

For correspondence:- Aftab Ahmad Email: aftab786sa@hotmail.com

Accepted: 26 November 2017 Published: 29 December 2017

Citation: Haris M, Kumar A, Ahmad A, Abuzinadah MF, Basheikh M, Khan SA, et al. Microwave-assisted green synthesis and antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles derived from a supercritical carbon dioxide extract of the fresh aerial parts of Phyllanthus niruri L. Trop J Pharm Res 2017; 16(12):2967-2976 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v16i12.22

© 2017 The authors.
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Abstract

Purpose: To synthesize and evaluate the antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) derived from a supercritical carbon dioxide extract of the fresh aerial parts of Phyllanthus niruri.

Methods: The synthesis of AgNPs of a P. niruri extract was carried out in a microwave oven. The extraction was carried out using a supercritical fluid extractor. The AgNPs were characterized by the Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectral analysis, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) zetasizer analysis, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The antimicrobial assays of AgNPs were carried out against different bacterial and fungal strains.

Results: Results of various analytical techniques confirmed the synthesis of AgNPs of a P. niruri extract. The UV–vis spectroscopy showed an intense silver surface plasmon resonance band at 415 NM. The AgNPs had a mean size of 110 nm in the Zetasizer analysis. TEM images illustrated spherical AgNPs having a mean particle size of 110 nm. The X-ray diffractograms showed peaks at 38.17°, 44.28°, and 64.52°. The average crystallite size of Ag-NPs was found to be 110 nm. FT-IR spectra confirmed the stability of the AgNPs. The AgNPs demonstrated good antimicrobial effects against several tested pathogenic microbes.

Conclusion: An efficiently synthesized AgNPs of P. niruri (SC-CO2) extract has been prepared by a simple, eco-friendly, cost-effective, rapid green chemistry methodology. The AgNPs of P. niruri extract possesses significant antimicrobial properties against the tested bacterial and fungal strains

Keywords: Nanoparticles, Phyllanthus niruri, Supercritical fluid extraction, Microwave, Antimicrobial activity