Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

In silico and in vivo anti-inflammatory studies of curcuminoids, turmeric extract with zinc oxide, and eugenol

Asti Meizarini¹ , Siswandono ², Wibi Riawan³, Retno P Rahayu⁴

¹Department of Dental Material, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia; ²Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia; ³Department of Biochemistry and Biomolecular, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia.

For correspondence:- Asti Meizarini Email: asti-m@fkg.unair.ac.id

Accepted: 13 January 2018 Published: 28 February 2018

Citation: Meizarini A, S, Riawan W, Rahayu RP. In silico and in vivo anti-inflammatory studies of curcuminoids, turmeric extract with zinc oxide, and eugenol. Trop J Pharm Res 2018; 17(2):269-275 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v17i2.11

© 2018 The authors.
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Abstract

Purpose: To determine the anti-inflammatory activity of curcuminoids in comparison with that of eugenol in silico, and to determine the anti-inflammatory activity of wound dressings made from zinc oxide powder and liquid turmeric extract with a high curcuminoid content.

Methods: In silico studies were conducted, using Molegro Virtual Docker program, to predict the anti-inflammatory potency of curcuminoids (curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, bisdemethoxycurcumin) and eugenol against COX-2 receptors. In vivo studies to evaluate anti-inflammatory activity via TNFα expression, were carried out using thirty Wistar rats as subjects, divided into two groups: A (sacrificed on day 3) and B (sacrificed on day 7). Each group contained three subgroups (n = 5): A1, B1 were excised without a dressing as control subgroups; A2, B2 were excised followed by the application of zinc oxide with a turmeric extract dressing; and A3, B3 were excised followed by the application of zinc oxide with an eugenol dressing.

Results: The in silico studies confirmed the anti-inflammatory activity of curcumin (-132.905 kcal/mol), demethoxycurcumin (-130.265 kcal/mol), bisdemethoxycurcumin (-118.827 kcal/mol) in relation to the COX-2 receptor to be greater than that of eugenol (-78.718 kcal/mol). The in vivo studies of TNFα expression showed that the levels of activity in the groups without dressings were significantly higher than in those with dressing (p<0.05), while the lowest TNFα expression were for zinc oxide with turmeric extract dressings.

Conclusion: The combination of zinc oxide with turmeric liquid extract has a higher anti-inflammatory effect than eugenol as demonstrated by both in vivo and in silico studies. This combination can, therefore, be used as an alternative to zinc oxide eugenol wound dressings

Keywords: Anti-inflammatory, Curcuminoids, Turmeric, Zinc oxide, Eugenol, Wound dressing, In silico, TNFα