Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

Antitumor effects of candidone extracted from Derris indica (Lamk) Bennet in cholangiocarcinoma cells

Benjawan Kurasug^1,2, Veerapol Kukongviriyapan^1,2, Auemduan Prawan^1,2, Chavi Yenjai³, Sarinya Kongpetch^1,2

¹Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University; ²Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University; ³Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry and Centre of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.

For correspondence:- Sarinya Kongpetch Email: sarinyako@kku.ac.th Tel:+6643348397

Accepted: 23 June 2018 Published: 28 July 2018

Citation: Kurasug B, Kukongviriyapan V, Prawan A, Yenjai C, Kongpetch S. Antitumor effects of candidone extracted from Derris indica (Lamk) Bennet in cholangiocarcinoma cells. Trop J Pharm Res 2018; 17(7):1337-1343 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v17i7.16

© 2018 The authors.
This is an Open Access article that uses a funding model which does not charge readers or their institutions for access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0) and the Budapest Open Access Initiative (http://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/read), which permit unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited..

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the antitumor effect of candidone extracted from Derris indica, against human cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cells.

Methods: Candidone was purified from the hexane extract of Derris indica fruit. CCA cell lines, KKU-M156 and KKU-M213, were treated with candidone. Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay and acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining were used to investigate the effects of candidone on cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis, respectively. The effect on cell migration was assessed by wound healing assay. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was employed to assess the effects of candidone on the expression of genes that regulate proliferation and apoptosis.

Results: Candidone exerted strong anticancer effects on CCA cells. The agent suppressed CCA cell proliferation and induced apoptotic cell death. RT-qPCR assay revealed that candidone significantly increased the expression of anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic genes, including p21 and Bax, and decreased the expression of anti-apoptotic genes, including Bcl-2 and survivin. Moreover, candidone inhibited the migration of CCA cells induced by IGF-1.

Conclusion: Candidone exhibits potent antitumor effect on CCA cells. These findings suggest that candidone is potentially suitable for the management of CCA and, therefore, warrants further investigation.

Keywords: Candidone, Derris indica, Cholangiocarcinoma, Cytotoxicity, Apoptosis