Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

Number of osteoclasts, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-b ligand and osteoprotegerin expression in electrolyzed reduced water-treated orthodontic tooth movement in Wistar rats

Ananda Firman Putranto¹, Retno Indrawati Roestamadji², Rini Devijanti Ridwan² , Ida Bagus Narmada¹

¹Department of Orthodontics; ²Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.

For correspondence:- Rini Ridwan Email: rini-d-r@fkg.unair.ac.id Tel:+62315030255

Accepted: 24 October 2019 Published: 30 November 2019

Citation: Putranto AF, Roestamadji RI, Ridwan RD, Narmada IB. Number of osteoclasts, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-b ligand and osteoprotegerin expression in electrolyzed reduced water-treated orthodontic tooth movement in Wistar rats. Trop J Pharm Res 2019; 18(11):2397-2402 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v18i11.24

© 2019 The authors.
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Abstract

Purpose: To analyse the potential use of electrolyzed reduced water effect (ERW) in the treatment of orthodontic tooth movement in Wistar rats by means of osteoclast number, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) expressions.

Methods: ERW was produced by an electrolysis machine that rendered the water pH alkaline. A dose of ERW 2.5 ml/100 g body weight was used for treatment for 7 days. The orthodontic tooth movement animal study was done by means of a rubber separator, with 0.0284 N force applied to the maxillary incisive tooth for 7 days. The rats were euthanized on days 3, 5 and 7 with the maxilla bone subsequently removed for immunohistochemistry examination. RANKL and OPG expression were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining and the osteoclast number determined with the aid of haematoxylin-eosin stain.

Results: ERW decreased the osteoclast number in the treatment group on day 3 and OPG expression on day 7 and there was significant difference between the groups (p < 0.05). RANKL expression decreased on Day 7. There was a significant difference between treatment groups on Days 5 and 7.

Conclusion: ERW significantly inhibits the number of osteoclasts, RANKL and OPG expression during orthodontic tooth movement after 3 and 7 days. ERW is thus a potential therapy for enhancement of bone remodeling in patients with orthodontic tooth movement.

Keywords: Electrolyzed reduced water, RANKL, Orthodontic tooth movement, Osteoclast, Osteoprotegerin