Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

Moringa oleifera Lam. (family Moringaceae) leaf extract attenuates high-fat diet-induced dyslipidemia and vascular endothelium dysfunction in Wistar albino rats

Hassan A Madkhali¹ , Khalid M Alharthy¹, Mohammed A Asiri¹, Majid A Ganaie^1,2, Mohd N Ansari¹, Najeeb Ur Rehman¹, Abubaker M Hamad¹

¹Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; ²College of Dentistry and Pharmacy, Buraydah Colleges, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia; ³Department of Basic Sciences, Preparatory year Deanship, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; ⁴Department of Histopathology and Cytopathology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Gezira, Wad Madani, Sudan.

For correspondence:- Hassan Madkhali Email: dr_madkhali@hotmail.com Tel:+966115886038

Accepted: 23 November 2019 Published: 31 December 2019

Citation: Madkhali HA, Alharthy KM, Asiri MA, Ganaie MA, Ansari MN, Ur Rehman N, et al. Moringa oleifera Lam. (family Moringaceae) leaf extract attenuates high-fat diet-induced dyslipidemia and vascular endothelium dysfunction in Wistar albino rats. Trop J Pharm Res 2019; 18(12):2597-2604 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v18i12.20

© 2019 The authors.
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Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the protective effect of methanol extract of Moringa oleifera leaves (MEMO) in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced dyslipidemia and vascular endothelium dysfunction.

Methods: Dose-dependent attenuating effect of MEMO was tested at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg/day in an in vivo model of HFD-induced dyslipidemia using rats whereas vascular endothelial reactivity was assessed in isolated rat aorta using ex vivo organ bath setup.

Results: MEMO administration in HFD-induced dyslipidemic rats for 3 consecutive weeks, resulted in significant decrease in rat body weight, LW/BW and RFPW/BW ratio when compared to rats treated with HFD only where an increase in body weight was observed. Decrease in the average daily feed intake and significant reductions in waist, Lee index and BMI was also observed after MEMO treatment in HFD-induced dyslipidemic rats. Lipid profile data indicate that HFD group showed significant increase in total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL and VLDL levels while HDL levels decreased significantly. On the other hand, MEMO treatment improved lipid profile compared to HFD group. Ex-vivo isolated aorta results revealed that MEMO treatment reversed HFD-induced endothelium dysfunction when compared to SD group.

Conclusion: MEMO treatment produces dose-dependent improvement in lipid profile and vascular endothelium protection, thereby rationalizing its traditional medicine use in the treatment of dyslipidemia and cardiovascular related endothelial disorders.

Keywords: High-fat diet, Dyslipidemia, Moringa oleifera, Vascular endothelial dysfunction