Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

In vitro cytotoxic and antimicrobial effects of a novel peroxysesquiterpene glucoside from the rhizomes of Cyperus rotundus L (Cyperaceae)

Mohammed N Sabir¹, Kawkab Y Saour², Shwan Rachid³

¹College of Pharmacy, University of Sulaimani, 46001 Sulaimaniyah; ²College of Pharmacy, University of Baghdad, 100047 Baghdad; ³Charmo Research Center, Charmo University, 46023 Chamchamal, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq.

For correspondence:- Shwan Rachid Email: shwan.rachid@charmouniversity.org Tel:+9647701494344

Accepted: 31 January 2020 Published: 29 February 2020

Citation: Sabir MN, Saour KY, Rachid S. In vitro cytotoxic and antimicrobial effects of a novel peroxysesquiterpene glucoside from the rhizomes of Cyperus rotundus L (Cyperaceae). Trop J Pharm Res 2020; 19(2):331-339 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v19i2.16

© 2020 The authors.
This is an Open Access article that uses a funding model which does not charge readers or their institutions for access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0) and the Budapest Open Access Initiative (http://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/read), which permit unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited..

Abstract

Purpose: To study the antimicrobial and cytotoxic potential of a novel 3,9-peroxsesquiterpene-15-O-glucoside from Cyperus rotundus rhizomes, against HeLa cell line and selected strains of microorganisms.

Methods: The rhizomes were macerated with methanol and fractionated with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and butanol. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was performed together with chemical analysis of the fractions. The 3,9-peroxysesquiterpene-15-O-glucoside was purified through column chromatography of the ethyl acetate fraction, and its purity was determined via reverse-phase HPLC. Structural elucidation was done with Infrared (IR), proton-nuclear magnetic resonance (H-NMR), carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR), and mass spectrometry (MS) spectroscopic analyses.

Results: The isolated compound exhibited bactericidal and fungicidal activities against S. aureus and C. albicans at concentration, respectively, in the range of 32 – 100 µg/mL, while MTT assay results showed the cytotoxicity of the compound against eukaryotic (HeLa) cell line (IC₅₀, 88.32 µg/mL).

Conclusion: The isolated metabolite from the methanol extract of C. rotundus rhizome exhibits bactericidal, fungicidal, and cytotoxic potential. However, further studies are required to ascertain its suitability for use as a therapeutic agent.

Keywords: Terpenoids, Column chromatography, Spectroscopy, Antimicrobial, Cytotoxicity, Cyperus rotundus