Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

Administration of S-allyl cysteine to neonatal rats modulates inflammatory biomarkers in high-fructose-fed rats in adulthood

Ademola O Ayeleso^1,5, Busisani W Lembede², Trevor T Nyakudya³, Ayodeji E Adepoju¹, Novel N Chegou⁴, Emmanuel Mukwevho⁵

¹Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Adeleke University, PMB 250, Ede 232, Osun State, Nigeria; ²School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa; ³Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 007; ⁴DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South Africa Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 8000; ⁵Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Science, North West University, Mafikeng Campus, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa.

For correspondence:- Emmanuel Mukwevho Email: emmanuel.mukwevho@nwu.ac.za Tel:+27183892854

Accepted: 14 April 2020 Published: 31 March 2020

Citation: Ayeleso AO, Lembede BW, Nyakudya TT, Adepoju AE, Chegou NN, Mukwevho E. Administration of S-allyl cysteine to neonatal rats modulates inflammatory biomarkers in high-fructose-fed rats in adulthood. Trop J Pharm Res 2020; 19(5):1053-1058 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v19i5.21

© 2020 The authors.
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Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the potential prophylactic effect of S-allyl cysteine (SAC), found in garlic (Allium sativum), against the development of apro-inflammatory status induced by diet in neonatal rats later on in adulthood.

Methods: Suckling Wistar rat pups (4-day-old; male = 21 and female = 21) were randomly allocated to either of 3 groups and orally gavaged daily with the following treatments from postnatal day (PND) 6 – 20: group 1 (control) - 10 mL/kg distilled water; group 2 - 10 mL/kg of 20 % w/v fructose solution (FS) and group 3 - 10 mL/kg FS + SAC. The rat pups were weaned on PND 21, and given ad libitum access to standard rat chow and plain drinking up to PND 115. The rats were euthanized on PND 116 and plasma was collected for the determination of interleukins (IL-1β, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1)] using Bio-Plex Pro magnetic bead-based assays on Bio-Plex platform.

Results: Oral administration of FS during suckling increased significantly (p < 0.05) plasma concentrations of IL-5, MCP-1 and VEGF in adult male rats, and plasma MCP-1 in adult female rats. Neonatal oral administration of SAC prevented FS-programmed increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines (p < 0.05) later on in adulthood.

Conclusion: Oral administration of SAC during the neonatal period protected against FS-induced pro-inflammatory status and thus, could possibly be exploited as a prophylactic or intervention agent against a pro-inflammatory status induced by a high fructose diet.

Keywords: S-Allyl cysteine, Fructose solution, Cytokines, Pro-inflammatory chemokines, Neonatal programming