Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

Analysis of blood stream infections: Antimicrobial susceptibility and associated types of extended spectrum β-lactamases

Lorina I Badger-Emeka¹ , Zainab Yaseen Al-Jaziri², Naheed Kausar¹, Nora Ahmad Al-Muhainy², Edric Estrella³

¹Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine; ²College of Medicine; ³Department of Public health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Faisal University. Al-Ahsa. Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

For correspondence:- Lorina Badger-Emeka Email: lbadgeremeka@kfu.edu.sa

Accepted: 25 May 2020 Published: 30 June 2020

Citation: Badger-Emeka LI, Al-Jaziri ZY, Kausar N, Al-Muhainy NA, Estrella E. Analysis of blood stream infections: Antimicrobial susceptibility and associated types of extended spectrum β-lactamases. Trop J Pharm Res 2020; 19(6):1285-1293 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v19i6.25

© 2020 The authors.
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Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility and extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production by clinical isolates of Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) and Klebsiella species (ESBL-KP) associated with blood stream infections (BSIs).

Methods: Bacteria isolation and identification were carried out using basic bacteriological and biochemical techniques. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed according to the guidelines of the Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI). Vitek 2 Compact automated system was used to confirm the identifications (ID) and antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST). The ESBL produced by E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates were phenotypically characterised using Modified Double Disc Synergy Test (MDDST), as recommended by CLSI.

Results: All (100 %) isolates were sensitive to imipenem and meropenem, while susceptibility to other antibiotics varied. ESBL genotypes, viz, bla_TEM, bla_SHV and bla_CTX were encountered in the BSIs. For ESBL-EC, TEM, SHV and CTX producers accounted for 33, 16.67 and 58.3 %, respectively, while 75, 91.7 and 100 % of ESBL-KP were TEM, SHV and CTX producers, respectively. In ESBL-KP, 67 % coexisted with all three genotypes (bla_TEM, bla_SHV, and bla_CTX, while 8.3 % of ESBL-EC coexisted with the three encoding genes (CTX, SHV and TEM).

Conclusion: ESBL E. coli and K. pneumoniae associated with BSI have been identified as TEM, SHV and CXT producers, with more ESBL-KP coexisting with all three than ESBL-EC.

Keywords: β-Lactamases, Genes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli