S O Onoja1 
,
U O Effiong2,
Bilqis K Chukwuocha2,
C C Okorie-Kanu3,
M I Ezeja1,
Y Nataqain Omeh2,
A O Anaga4
1Department of Veterinary Physiology, Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Animal Health and Production, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Umuahia;
2Department of Biochemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Umuahia;
3Department of Veterinary Pathology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Umuahia, Nigeria;
4Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
For correspondence:- S Onoja
Email: samonreal@yahoo.com Tel:+2348030613032
Accepted: 25 August 2018
Published: 30 September 2020
Citation:
Onoja SO, Effiong UO, Chukwuocha BK, Okorie-Kanu CC, Ezeja MI, Omeh YN, et al.
Antihyperglycemic, antidyslipidemic and antioxidant properties of hydromethanol extract of Eremomastax speciosa leaf in alloxan monohydrate-induced hyperglycemic rats. Trop J Pharm Res 2020; 19(9):1919-1926
doi:
10.4314/tjpr.v19i9.17
© 2020 The authors.
This is an Open Access article that uses a funding model which does not charge readers or their institutions for access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0) and the Budapest Open Access Initiative (http://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/read), which permit unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited..
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the antihyperglycemic, anti-dyslipidemic and antioxidant properties of hydromethanol extract of Eremomastax speciosa leaf in alloxan monohydrate-induced hyperglycemic rats.
Methods: Hydromethanol extract of Eremomastax speciosa leaf was tested at dose range of 25 to 100 mg/kg against vehicle (distilled water) and glibenclamide (2 mg/kg, reference standard) in alloxan-induced hyperglycemic rats. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was employed in the identification of phytoconstituents. The fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum lipid profile, malondialdehyde, catalase and superoxide dismutase levels as well as the histopathology of the pancreas of the animals were evaluated.
Results: The extract (25 mg/kg) significantly reduced FBG, lipid profile and malondialdehyde levels relative to vehicle treated group but increased the superoxide dismutase and catalase levels and reversed alloxan-induced pancreatic islet cell degeneration. GC-MS analysis showed the presence of 4,5-dimethylthiazole (4.38%), benzenesulfonic acid, methyl ester (15.62%), benzenesulfonyl chloride (40.62%), benzopyran-4-one, 5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl- (21.25%), 2(5H)-furanone, 4-methoxy-5-phenyl- (12.50%), and p-chlorobenzenesulfonyl chloride (5.62%)
Conclusion: The hypoglycemic effect of the extract validates the folkloric uses of E. speciosa leaf in the ethnobotanical care of diabetes mellitus.
Keywords: antihyperglycemic, antioxidant, anti-dyslipidemic, Eremomastax speciosa
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