Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

Antihyperglycemic, antidyslipidemic and antioxidant properties of hydromethanol extract of Eremomastax speciosa leaf in alloxan monohydrate-induced hyperglycemic rats

S O Onoja¹ , U O Effiong², Bilqis K Chukwuocha², C C Okorie-Kanu³, M I Ezeja¹, Y Nataqain Omeh², A O Anaga⁴

¹Department of Veterinary Physiology, Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Animal Health and Production, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Umuahia; ²Department of Biochemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Umuahia; ³Department of Veterinary Pathology, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Umuahia, Nigeria; ⁴Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.

For correspondence:- S Onoja Email: samonreal@yahoo.com Tel:+2348030613032

Accepted: 25 August 2018 Published: 30 September 2020

Citation: Onoja SO, Effiong UO, Chukwuocha BK, Okorie-Kanu CC, Ezeja MI, Omeh YN, et al. Antihyperglycemic, antidyslipidemic and antioxidant properties of hydromethanol extract of Eremomastax speciosa leaf in alloxan monohydrate-induced hyperglycemic rats. Trop J Pharm Res 2020; 19(9):1919-1926 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v19i9.17

© 2020 The authors.
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Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the antihyperglycemic, anti-dyslipidemic and antioxidant properties of hydromethanol extract of Eremomastax speciosa leaf in alloxan monohydrate-induced hyperglycemic rats.

Methods: Hydromethanol extract of Eremomastax speciosa leaf was tested at dose range of 25 to 100 mg/kg against vehicle (distilled water) and glibenclamide (2 mg/kg, reference standard) in alloxan-induced hyperglycemic rats. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was employed in the identification of phytoconstituents. The fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum lipid profile, malondialdehyde, catalase and superoxide dismutase levels as well as the histopathology of the pancreas of the animals were evaluated.

Results: The extract (25 mg/kg) significantly reduced FBG, lipid profile and malondialdehyde levels relative to vehicle treated group but increased the superoxide dismutase and catalase levels and reversed alloxan-induced pancreatic islet cell degeneration. GC-MS analysis showed the presence of 4,5-dimethylthiazole (4.38%), benzenesulfonic acid, methyl ester (15.62%), benzenesulfonyl chloride (40.62%), benzopyran-4-one, 5,7-dihydroxy-2-phenyl- (21.25%), 2(5H)-furanone, 4-methoxy-5-phenyl- (12.50%), and p-chlorobenzenesulfonyl chloride (5.62%)

Conclusion: The hypoglycemic effect of the extract validates the folkloric uses of E. speciosa leaf in the ethnobotanical care of diabetes mellitus.

Keywords: antihyperglycemic, antioxidant, anti-dyslipidemic, Eremomastax speciosa