Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

Apoptotic effect of Physalis minima Linn ethanol extract on breast cancer cells via p53 wild-type and Apaf-1 protein

Handayani ¹ , Retno Handajani², Imam Susilo³, Achmad Basori⁴, Hotimah Masdan Salim¹

For correspondence:- Handayani Email: dr.handayani@unusa.ac.id Tel:+62318479070

Accepted: 17 September 2020 Published: 30 October 2020

Citation: H, Handajani R, Susilo I, Basori A, Salim HM. Apoptotic effect of Physalis minima Linn ethanol extract on breast cancer cells via p53 wild-type and Apaf-1 protein. Trop J Pharm Res 2020; 19(10):2085-2089 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v19i10.10

© 2020 The authors.
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Abstract

Purpose: To produce an anti-cancer agent from Physalis minima ethanol extract as well as prevent the growth of NMU-induced breast cancer and MCF-7 cell line.

Methods: This research used an animal model (Wistar-Furth rats), and cell line used in this study was normal breast-cell line MCF-7. The rats were administered with the ethanol extract of Physalis minima Linn (100, 250 and 400 mg/kg/day) by gavage, once a day for 4 weeks. Meanwhile, MCF-7 cell lines were cultured in medium and incubated in 100 µg/mL of ethanol extract of Physalis minima for 48 h. The samples were analyzed using histology and immunohistochemistry techniques for expression of p53 antibody DO-1 and APAF-1.

Results: The results of immunohistological analysis in the breast organ showed that Physalis minima Linn extract significantly (p < 0.05) increased the tumor suppressor protein p53 at doses of 100, 250 and 400 mg/kg/day. In addition, the extract also significantly (p < 0.05) increased APAF-1, which is a gene determining cell death, at doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/day.

Conclusion: Ethanol extract of Physalis minima Linn inhibits the cytotoxic activity of NMU-induced breast cancer by increasing the tumor suppressor protein p53 and APAF-1. Thus, Physalis minima Linn extract can potentially be used as a complementary treatment for inhibiting the growth of breast cancer cells in patients.

Keywords: Apoptosis protease-activating factor-1, Breast cancer, MCF-7 cell line, Physalis minima, p53