Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Oroxylum indicum Kurz (L.) fruit extract in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 microglial cells

Nootchanat Mairuae¹ , Poonlarp Cheepsunthorn², Benjaporn Buranrat¹

¹Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44000; ²Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.

For correspondence:- Nootchanat Mairuae Email: nootchanat.m@msu.ac.th Tel:+664321021992

Accepted: 15 March 2021 Published: 30 April 2021

Citation: Mairuae N, Cheepsunthorn P, Buranrat B. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Oroxylum indicum Kurz (L.) fruit extract in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 microglial cells. Trop J Pharm Res 2021; 20(4):833-838 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v20i4.25

© 2021 The authors.
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Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the anti-inflammatory effects and antioxidant activity of Oroxylum indicum (L.) Kurz fruit extract in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV2 microglia.

Methods: BV2 cells were treated with LPS for 24 h in the presence or absence of O. indicum fruit extract. Then, nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and interleukin 6 (IL-16) levels were measured using Griess reagent assay, CM-H2DCFDA and enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) assays, respectively. The in vitro antioxidant property of the extract was also investigated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2’-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) assays.

Results: Levels of IL-6, NO, and ROS in LPS-treated BV2 cells were significantly higher than those in control (p < 0.01). However, exposure of LPS-treated BV2 cells to O. indicum extract led to a marked decrease in the levels of these parameters, when compared to the untreated cells (p < 0.01). Results from DPPH and ABTS assays showed that the O. indicum extract exhibited good antioxidant properties, with total flavonoid and total phenolic contents of 115.58 ± 1.09 and 131.04 ± 2.37 mg/g of dried extract, respectively.

Conclusion: The results demonstrate that O. indicum fruit exerts anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in LPS-stimulated BV2 cells. Thus O. indicum fruit might be beneficial in the development of novel anti-oxidative and anti-neuroinflammatory herbal medicines. However, the mechanisms by which O. indium fruits reduces NO and IL-6 needs to be further investigated.

Keywords: BV2 microglia, IL-6, Nitric oxide, Oroxylum indicum, Reactive oxygen species, Anti-oxidative, Anti-neuroinflammatory