Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

Grape seed proanthocyanidin alleviates left ventricular remodeling by regulating systolic pressure, oxidative stress and vasoactive substances in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Jianfei Liu¹, Shujuan Song², Xu Zhang³

¹Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang 441021; ²Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qingdao Third People's Hospital, Qingdao 266041; ³Department of Medical Records, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Haerbin 150040, PR China.

For correspondence:- Xu Zhang Email: zdefq6@163.com

Accepted: 1 August 2021 Published: 31 August 2021

Citation: Liu J, Song S, Zhang X. Grape seed proanthocyanidin alleviates left ventricular remodeling by regulating systolic pressure, oxidative stress and vasoactive substances in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Trop J Pharm Res 2021; 20(8):1663-1668 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v20i8.16

© 2021 The authors.
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Abstract

Purpose: To study the effect of grape seed proanthocyanidin (GSP) on left ventricular remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats, and the underlying mechanism.

Methods: Spontaneously hypertensive rats were randomly divided into two groups, with 12 rats per group. One group was injected with GSP. Systolic pressure in each group was measured at baseline (before treatment), and at 3, 6 and 9 weeks after treatment. Whole heart index and left heart index were calculated. Histopathological changes in myocardium and left ventricular posterior wall thickness of rats in each group were measured. The cross-sectional area of myocardial cells and myocardial collagen volume fraction were assessed. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), nitric oxide (NO), renin, angiotensin II (Ang II), endothelin-1 (ET-1) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in each group of rats were assayed.

Results: Compared with the spontaneous hypertension group, whole heart mass index, left heart mass index, left ventricular posterior wall thickness, cross-sectional area of myocardial cells, myocardial collagen volume fraction, and levels of MDA, renin, Ang II and ET-1 in GSP group were significantly decreased, while the expression levels of SOD, CAT, NO and eNOS were markedly increased in GSP group (p < 0.05). Cell hypertrophy in the GSP group was significantly mitigated, when compared with that in the spontaneous hypertension group.

Conclusion: GSP mitigates left ventricular remodeling in rats by reducing systolic blood pressure, improving antioxidant capacity and regulating levels of vasoactive substances, thus suggesting its potential for the management of hypertension.

Keywords: Grape seed, Proanthocyanidin, Spontaneous hypertension, Left ventricular remodeling, Cell hypertrophy