Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

Evaluation of locally-administered controlled-release doxycycline hyclate gel in smokers and non-smokers in the management of periodontitis: An Indian study

Garima Singh^1,2, Shankar T Gokhale^2,3 , Shiva Manjunath², Saad M Al-Qahtani³, Raghavendra Reddy Nagate³, Vatsala Venkataram⁴, Betsy Joseph^3,5

¹Max Dental Care, Bareilly-243001, Uttar Pradesh; ²Department of Periodontics, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bareilly-243006, Uttar Pradesh, India; ³Department of Periodontics and Community Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha–61471, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; ⁴Department of Pedodontics & Preventive Dentistry, KVG Dental College & Hospital, Sullia-574327, Karnataka; ⁵Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India.

For correspondence:- Shankar Gokhale Email: sgokhale@kku.edu.sa Tel:+966581573072

Accepted: 21 June 2021 Published: 31 August 2021

Citation: Singh G, Gokhale ST, Manjunath S, Al-Qahtani SM, Nagate RR, Venkataram V, et al. Evaluation of locally-administered controlled-release doxycycline hyclate gel in smokers and non-smokers in the management of periodontitis: An Indian study. Trop J Pharm Res 2021; 20(8):1739-1747 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v20i8.27

© 2021 The authors.
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Abstract

Purpose: To assess the clinical and biological effect of locally-administered controlled-release 10 % doxycycline hyclate gel in smokers and non-smokers for the management of periodontitis.

Methods: Forty periodontitis patients were enrolled in this study from December 2012 to February 2013 at the Department of Periodontology and Implantology of the Institute of Dental Sciences and Dental Unit of Rohilkhand Medical College, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh (UP), India. For each patient, probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and sulcular bleeding index (SBI) were recorded. Changes in microbial counts were assessed by measuring colony-forming units (CFU) of three major periodontal pathogens. Clinical and microbial parameters were recorded at baseline and one month after scaling and root planing plus controlled local drug delivery of 10 % doxycycline hyclate gel in smokers and non-smokers.

Results: A statistically significant change (p < 0.01) in PPD was observed among smokers between baseline (4.26 ± 0.12mm) and re-evaluation at one month (3.20 ± 0.11) with a change of 24.88 %. A statistically significant difference was found between smokers and non-smokers in PPD at the end of a 1-month re-evaluation (p < 0.05). None of the other parameters showed improvement in smokers following treatment.

Conclusion: These results indicate that 10 % doxycycline hyclate gel, when administered locally into the periodontal pocket, shows clinical and microbial improvement, among smokers and non-smokers, in the management of periodontitis. Therefore, 10 % doxycycline gel is potentially an effective therapeutic strategy in the management of periodontitis.

Keywords: Controlled-release, Doxycycline hyclate gel, Topical gel, Smokers, Periodontitis, COVID-19