Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

Evaluation of potential drug-drug interactions and adverse drug reactions among chronic kidney disease patients: An experience from United Arab Emirates

Kowsar Mouhib Hammoud¹, Sathvik B Sridhar¹, Syed Arman Rabbani¹ , Martin Thomas Kurian²

¹Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, RAK College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, United Arab Emirates; ²Ibrahim Bin Hamad Obaidallah Hospital, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates.

For correspondence:- Syed Rabbani Email: arman@rakmhsu.ac.ae

Accepted: 26 March 2022 Published: 30 April 2022

Citation: Hammoud KM, Sridhar SB, Rabbani SA, Kurian MT. Evaluation of potential drug-drug interactions and adverse drug reactions among chronic kidney disease patients: An experience from United Arab Emirates. Trop J Pharm Res 2022; 21(4):853-861 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v21i4.24

© 2022 The authors.
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Abstract

Purpose: To determine the prevalence and assessing nature of potential drug-drug interactions (pDDIs) and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) among chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients.

Methods: This was a prospective observational study involving adult CKD patients. Occurrence of pDDIs was evaluated using Micromedex database 2.0. Suspected ADRs during the study period were documented and assessed.

Results: Overall prevalence of pDDIs was found to be 85.3 %. A total of 811 pDDIs with 225 different pairs of interacting drugs were identified. Majority of the patients had ≥ 3 pDDIs regardless of type of severity. Thirty-five ADRs were identified in 25 CKD patients. Hyperkalemia was the most-commonly suspected ADR. Logistic regression analysis revealed that age (OR: 1.04, 95 % CI: 1.01 - 107), length of hospital stay (OR: 1.15, 95 % CI: 1.0 - 1.32), presence of comorbidity like diabetes (OR: 9.1, 95 % CI: 3.2 - 25.3) and number of drugs prescribed (OR: 6.88, 95 % CI: 1.5 - 30.0) were positively correlated with occurrence of pDDIs. Length of hospital stay (OR: 1.05, 95 % CI: 0.99 - 1.06) and number of drugs (OR: 0.16, 95 % CI 0.03 - 0.84) were identified as independent predictors of occurrence of ADRs.

Conclusion: Prevalence of pDDIs was high in the study population. A majority of the pDDIs were of major severity type, fair documentation grade, and of unspecified onset. A majority of suspected ADRs were probably of moderate in severity and not preventable type.

Keywords: Chronic kidney disease, Drug-related problems, Potential drug-drug interactions, Adverse Drug Reactions