Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

Impact of diabetes-related knowledge and medication adherence on quality of life among type 2 diabetes patients in a tertiary health facility in Multan, Pakistan

Basit Ramzan¹, Azmi Hassali¹, Furqan Hashmi², Fahad Saleem³, Shahnawaz Gardezi⁴, Iltaf Hussain⁵, Muhammad Daoud Butt¹, Muhammad Fawad Rasool⁵

¹School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia; ²University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Allama Iqbal Campus, Lahore, Pakistan; ³Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Pakistan; ⁴City Hospital, Multan, Pakistan; ⁵Department of Pharmacy Practice, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.

For correspondence:- Muhammad Rasool Email: fawadrasool@bzu.edu.pk

Accepted: 27 March 2022 Published: 30 April 2022

Citation: Ramzan B, Hassali A, Hashmi F, Saleem F, Gardezi S, Hussain I, et al. Impact of diabetes-related knowledge and medication adherence on quality of life among type 2 diabetes patients in a tertiary health facility in Multan, Pakistan. Trop J Pharm Res 2022; 21(4):871-877 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v21i4.26

© 2022 The authors.
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Abstract

Purpose: To assess the impact of drug adherence and diabetes-related knowledge on the quality of life (QoL) of type 2 diabetes patients in a hospital in Pakistan.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in City Hospital, Multan, Pakistan between March and September 2020. A total of 151 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were recruited. Medication adherence, diabetes-related knowledge, and QoL were assessed by Drug attitude inventory-10 (DAI-10), the Michigan Diabetes Knowledge Test (MDKT), and EQ-5D-3L tools, respectively. The association between sociodemographic data and study variables was assessed by independent t-test and one-way ANOVA.

Results: Among the 151 patients, 53 % were males. The mean MDKT score was 0.33 ± 0.18, indicating poor knowledge of diabetes. An overall moderate level of adherence was observed among the participants (mean adherence score, 6.14 ± 1.39). Mean QoL score was 1.31 ± 0.28, and the Visual Analog Scale score (VAS) was 59.6 ± 12.21, indicating a good to moderate QoL among the study participants. Study participants with a longer duration of diabetes and poor adherence to their medications showed poor QoL (p = 0.01, p = 0.004 respectively).

Conclusion: Overall, the patients reported poor knowledge, moderate adherence, and good to moderate QoL. Moreover, patients with poor adherence to medication, longer duration of diabetes, and poorly controlled HbA1c showed poor QoL.

Keywords: Diabetes, Type 2 diabetes mellites, Knowledge, Adherence, QoL