Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

Isolation, characterization, structural elucidation and in vivo hepatoprotective studies of phytoconstituents obtained from the fruits of Cordia obliqua Willd

G Tharun Babu¹ , S Sivakrishnan², JVC Sharma³

¹Department of Pharmacy, Annamalai University, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Chidambaram, Tamilnadu, India; ²Department of Pharmacy, FEAT, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Chidambaram, Tamilnadu, India; ³Joginpally BR Pharmacy College, Yenkapally, Moinabad, RR Dist Telangana, India.

For correspondence:- G Babu Email: tharun16goud@yahoo.com Tel:+919866673808

Accepted: 7 October 2023 Published: 31 October 2023

Citation: Babu GT, Sivakrishnan S, Sharma J. Isolation, characterization, structural elucidation and in vivo hepatoprotective studies of phytoconstituents obtained from the fruits of Cordia obliqua Willd. Trop J Pharm Res 2023; 22(10):2135-2145 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v22i10.15

© 2023 The authors.
This is an Open Access article that uses a funding model which does not charge readers or their institutions for access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0) and the Budapest Open Access Initiative (http://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/read), which permit unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited..

Abstract

Purpose: To isolate, characterize, and investigate the hepatoprotective effect of phyto-constituents from fruits of Cordia obliqua Wild in paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats.

Methods: Ethanol and aqueous extracts of C. obliqua fruits were screened for phytochemicals. The extracts were subjected to column chromatography and preparative thin-layer chromatography (TLC) to isolate four novel compounds. Compounds were characterized using infrared spectroscopy (IR), mass spectroscopy (MS), as well as ¹H and ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The isolated compounds were assessed for acute toxicity, in vivo hepatoprotective and antioxidant potential (dose: 5 mg/kg) in paracetamol-induced (75 mg/kg) hepatotoxicity through oral route in Wistar rats.

Results: Phytochemical analysis of ethanol (COE) indicated the presence of fatty acids, anthraquinones, glycosides, saponins, alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, coumarins, phenolics, triterpenes, and sterols. Compounds A, B, and C were identified from COE. Treatment at 50 mg/kg significantly reduced aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGTP), and total bilirubin (TB), as well as increased total protein and total alkalinity levels in serum compared to the positive control. Liver histo-architecture showed improvements compared to the positive control, indicating hepatic protection.

Conclusion: The isolated compounds (A, B and C) from COE exhibit hepatoprotective effects attributed to flavonoids and phenolics with free radical scavenging properties. Further research is needed to identify key mechanisms responsible for hepatoprotective effects.

Keywords: Cordia obliqua, Hepatoprotective effect, Antioxidant and isolated phyto-constituents