Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

Kinetics of inhibition of xanthine oxidase by Lycium arabicum and its protective effect against oxonate-induced hyperuricemia and renal dysfunction in mice

Lekhmici Arrar¹, Hayat Trabsa¹ , Abderrahmane Baghiani¹, Naouel Boussoualim¹, Imane Krache¹, Seddik Khennouf², Noureddine Charef¹,

¹Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry; ²Laboratory of Phytotherapy Applied to Chronic Diseases, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, Univ. Setif, Setif 19000, Algeria.

For correspondence:- Hayat Trabsa Email: hayat.trab@yahoo.fr Tel:+213560954133

Received: 28 October 2014 Revised: 12 January 2015 Published: 28 February 2015

Citation: Arrar L, Trabsa H, Baghiani A, Boussoualim N, Krache I, Khennouf S, et al. Kinetics of inhibition of xanthine oxidase by Lycium arabicum and its protective effect against oxonate-induced hyperuricemia and renal dysfunction in mice. Trop J Pharm Res 2015; 14(2):249-256 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v14i2.9

© 2015 The authors.
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Abstract

Purpose:To evaluate the in-vitro inhibition of xanthine oxidase (purified from bovine milk) by extracts of Lycium arabicum, as well as it is in vivo hypouricemic and renal protective effects.

Methods:Four extracts of Lycium arabicum, methanol (CrE), chloroform (ChE), ethyl acetate (EaE) and aqueous (AqE) extracts, were screened for their total phenolics and potential inhibitory effects on purified bovine milk xanthine oxidase (XO) activity by measuring the formation of uric acid or superoxide radical. The mode of inhibition was investigated and compared with the standard drugs, allopurinol, quercitin and catechin. To evaluate their hypouricemic effect, the extracts were administered to potassium oxonate-induced hyperuricemic mice at a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight.

Results:The results showed that EaE had the highest content of phenolic compounds and was the most potent inhibitor of uric acid formation (IC₅₀ = 0.017 ± 0.001 mg/mL) and formation of superoxide (IC₅₀ = 0.035 ± 0.001 mg/ml). Lineweaver-Burk analysis showed that CrE and EaE inhibited XO competitively, whereas the inhibitory activities exerted by ChE and AqE were of a mixed type. Intraperetoneal injection of L. arabicum extracts (50 mg/kg) elicited hypouricemic actions in hyperuricemic mice. Hyperuricemic mice presented a serum uric acid concentration of 4.71 ± 0.29 mg/L but this was reduced to 1.78 ± 0.11 mg/L by EaE, which was the most potent hyporuricemic extract.

Conclusion:L. arabicum fractions have a strong inhibitory effect on xanthine oxidase and and also have a significantly lowering effect on serum and liver creatinine and urea levels in hyperuricemic mice.

Keywords: Lycium arabicum, Uric acid, Creatinine, Superoxide, Phenolic compounds, Flavonoids, Hyperuricemia