Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

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Research Article

GC-MS Analysis of Insecticidal Essential Oil of Aerial Parts of Paederia scandens (Lour) Merrill (Rubiaceae)

Kai Yang¹, Qi Zhi Liu¹, Zhi Long Liu^1*, Shu Shan Du²

¹Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, ²State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China

*For correspondence: Email: zhilongliu@cau.edu.cn or dushushan@bnu.edu.cn Tel: +86-10-62732800; Fax: +86-10-62732800

Received: 8 August 2011 Revised accepted: 31 March 2012

Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, June 2012; 11(3): 461-467

http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v11i3.16

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the chemical composition and insecticidal activity of the essential oil of the aerial parts of Paederia scandens against the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais.

Methods: Steam distillation of the aerial parts of P. scandens was carried out using Clavenger apparatus in order to obtain the volatile oils. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometric (GC/MS) analyses (HP-5MS column) of the essential oil were performed and its composition determined. Insecticidal activity of the essential oil was measured following topical application and seal-spaced fumigation.

Results: The main components of the essential oil were β-pinene (24.77 %), α-pinene (8.22 %), 1, 8-cineol (8.01 %), δ-terpinene (5.32 %), (E)-β-ocimene (5.21 %), linalool (4.92 %) and 4-terpineol (3.63 %). The essential oil exhibited strong fumigant toxicity against adult S. zeamais with LC₅₀ (lethal concentration at 50 %) value of 7.14 mg/L air. P. scandens essential oil also possessed contact toxicity against S. zeamais with LD₅₀ (lethal dosage at 50 %) value of 47.78 mg/adult insect.

Conclusion: The study indicates that the essential oil of P. scandens has a potential for development into a natural fumigant for control of insects in stored grains.

Keywords: Paederia scandens; Sitophilus zeamais; Essential oil, Contact toxicity, Fumigant.