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Original Research Article
Essential Oil Composition and
Larvicidal Activity of Clinopodium gracile (Benth)
Matsum (Labiatae) Aerial Parts against the Aedes
albopictus Mosquito
Xu Bo Chen1,
Xin Chao Liu2,
Ligang Zhou3
and Zhi Long Liu2*
1 College of Ecology, Lishui
University, Zhejiang Province, 323000, China,2
Department of Entomology,
3Department of Plant
Pathology, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan
West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
*For correspondence:
Email:
zhilongliu@cau.edu.cn; Tel.:
+86-10-62732800; Fax: +86-10-62732800.
Received: 15 June
2013
Revised accepted:
1 June 2013
Tropical Journal of
Pharmaceutical Research, October 2013;
12(5): 799-804
http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v12i5.21
Abstract
Purpose: To
determine larvicidal
activity of essential oil derived from Clinopodium
gracile (Benth.) Matsum. (Labiatae) aerial parts
against the larvae of Aedes albopictus Skuse．
Methods: Essential oil of C. gracile
aerial parts was obtained by hydrodistillation and
analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas
chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The activity
of the essential oil was evaluated, using
World Health Organization (WHO) procedures, against the fourth
larvae of A. albopictus for 24 h and larval
mortality recorded at a various essential oil
concentrations ranging from 12.5 – 200.0 μg/mL.
Results:
A total of 34 components of
the essential oil of C. gracile were identified. The
essential oil has higher content of sesquiterpenoids
(70.49 %) than monoterpenoids (12.21 %). The other
principal compounds of the essential oil were
germacrene D (20.59 %), nootkatone (8.22 %), morillol
(7.74 %), β-elemene (7.38 %), α-bergamotene (6.08 %),
cis-β-farnesene (5.47 %) and caryophyllene (5.17 %).
The essential oil exhibited larvicidal activity against
A. albopictus with a median lethal
concentration (LC50) of 42.56 μg/mL.
Conclusion: The findings obtained
indicate that the essential oil of
C. gracile
has potentials for use in
the control of A. albopictus larvae and could be
useful in the search for new, safer and more effective
natural compounds as larvicides.
Keywords:
Clinopodium gracile,
Aedes albopictus, Larvicidal activity, Mosquito,
Essential oil
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