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Original Research Article
Chemical Composition of
Zanthoxylum avicennae Essential Oil and its
Larvicidal Activity on Aedes albopictus Skuse
Xin Chao Liu1, Qi Yong Liu2, Ligang Zhou3, Quan Ru Liu4
and Zhi Long Liu1*
1Department of Entomology,
China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road,
Haidian District, Beijing 100193, 2State Key
Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and
Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease
Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease
Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206,
3Department of Plant
Pathology, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan
West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, 4College
of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Haidian
District, Beijing 100875, China
*For correspondence:
Email:
zhilongliu@cau.edu.cn; Tel.:
+86-10-62732800; Fax: +86-10-62732800.
Received: 29 January 2014
Revised accepted: 25
February 2014
Tropical Journal of
Pharmaceutical Research, March 2014;
13(3):
399-404
http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v13i3.13
Abstract
Purpose: To determine the larvicidal activity
of the essential oil derived from Zanthoxylum avicennae
(Lam.) DC. (Rutaceae) leaves and stems against the
larvae of Aedes albopictus Skuse．
Methods: Essential oil of Z. avicennae leaves
and stems were obtained by hydrodistillation and
analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas
chromaotography-mas spectrometry (GC-MS). The activity
of the essential oil was evaluated, using
World Health Organization (WHO) procedures, against the fourth
larvae of A. albopictus for 24 h and larval mortality
recorded at various essential oil concentrations ranging
from 12.5 - 200 μg/mL.
Results:
A
total of 31 components of the essential oil of Z.
avicennae were identified. The essential oil had higher
content of monoterpenoids (65.70 %) than
sesquiterpenoids (33.45 %). The principal compounds of
the essential oil were 1,8-cineol (53.05 %),
β-elemene (6.13 %), α-caryophyllene
(5.96 %), β-caryophyllene (5.09 %) and caryophyllene
oxide (4.59 %). The essential oil exhibited larvicidal
activity against A. albopictus with a median lethal
concentration (LC50) value of 48.79 μg/mL.
Conclusion: The findings obtained indicate that
the essential oil of Z. avicennae has potentials for use
in the control of A. albopictus larvae and could be
useful in the search for newer, safer and more effective
natural compounds as larvicides.
Keywords:
Aedes albopictus, Essential oil, Larvicidal activity,
Mosquito, Zanthoxylum avicennae.
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