Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

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Original Research Article

Effect of Phytohormones on the Composition of Sambucus ebulus Leaf Essential Oil

Alireza Feizbakhsh¹, Haniyeh Pazoki¹, Vahid Mohammadrezaei¹ and Mohammad Ali Ebrahimzadeh²*

¹Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Tehran, ²Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran

*For correspondence: Email: zadeh20@yahoo.com; Tel: +98-151-3543081-3; Fax: +98-151-3543084

Received: 14 June 2013 Revised accepted: 2 February 2014

Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, April 2014; 13(4): 581-586

http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v13i4.14

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of growth hormones - naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) - on the essential oil of Sambucus ebulus leaf.

Methods: The leaves of S. ebulus were sprayed three times in one week with distilled water (as control) or with a solution of either NAA or IAA (150 ppb). Following the treatment, the leaves were collected from each of the plant and dried in the dark in a dry environment. The essential oil content of the leaves was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)

Results: Sixty constituents were identified in the plant oil, some of which could have been responsible for the plant’s biological and/or toxicological activities. The results indicate that NAA and IAA exerted significant effect on the composition of the essential oil, increasing some components and decreasing some others significantly. In some cases, certain compounds were eliminated completely from the oil.

Conclusion: The use of phytohormones seems a useful strategy for modifying the composition of the essential oil in plants.

Keywords: Essential oil; Indole-3-acetic acid; Phytohormones, 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid; Sambucus ebulus.