Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

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Original Research Article

Natural Borneol Recycling from Cinnamomum camphor chvar. Borneol Oil Residue by Fractional Distillation and Recrystallization

Xiao Ying Chen¹, Xiao Ning Zhao², Hui Fang Zeng², Jian Hui Xie^1,3, Xiao Lu Chen², Yong Zhuo Liang¹, Qi Duan Wu², Zi Ren Su^1,5, Hong Feng Wang⁴* and Xiao Ping Lai^1,5*

¹School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, ²The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, ³The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, ⁴Biotechnology Division, Guangdong Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, ⁵Dongguan Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, 523808, China

*For correspondence: Email: lxp88@gzucm.edu.cn, wanghf@sinogaf.cn; Tel: +86-20-39358517; Fax: +86-20-39358390

Received: 10 May 2014 Revised accepted: 7 August 2014

Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, September 2014; 13(9): 1463-1470

http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v13i9.12

Abstract

Purpose: To establish an efficient method to recycle natural borneol from Cinnamomum camphor chvar. Borneol oil residue.

Methods: The fractions and raffinate of the oil residue of Cinnamomum camphor chvar. Borneol were obtained by fractional distillation, and analyzed by gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography- mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Natural borneol was purified by recrystallization and suction filtration. Fractional distillation and recrystallization parameters, including reflux ratio, solvent and solvent amount, were optimized. The physicochemical properties of natural borneol were determined by melting point and optical rotation techniques.

Results: The total yield of natural borneol was 7.6 % under the optimal conditions, viz, reflux ratios of 3:1 and 1:1, with n-hexane as recrystallizing solvent. The purity of recrystallized natural borneol was > 99 % at the solvent ratio of 1:1.8 (natural borneol crystal : n-hexane). The optical rotation ([α]²⁴_D = + 37°) and melting point (207 °C) of natural borneol were in accord with those of the standard.

Conclusion: These findings indicate that the developed fractional distillation and recrystallization method can be applied to recycle natural borneol from C. camphor chvar. Borneol oil residue.

Keywords: Cinnamomum camphora chvar. Borneol, Oil residue, Natural borneol, Fractional distillation, Recrystallization