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Original Research Article
Aqueous Extract of
Flueggea leucopyrus Increases Urine Output in Rats
NU Ellepola1,
SA Deraniyagala1*, WD Ratnasooriya2
and K Perera3
1Faculty of Science,
Department of Chemistry, 2Department of
Zoology, University of Colombo, PO Box 1490, Colombo,
3Animal House, Faculty of Medicine,
University of Colombo, PO Box 271, 25 Kynsey Rd,
Colombo, Sri Lanka
*For correspondence:
Email:
sd@chem.cmb.ac.lk; Tel:
+94112503367
Received: 11 February 2014
Revised accepted: 17 November 2014
Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research,
January 2015;
14(1):
95-101
http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v14i1.14
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the effect
of Flueggea leucopyrus Wild aqueous extract (FLAE) on
the urinary output of rats.
Method: Three different doses of
FLAE (500, 1000 and 1500 mgkg-1), furosemide
(13 mg kg-1 as diuretic reference) and
distilled water (as control) were orally administered to
healthy adult hydrated rats. Cumulative urine output was
monitored hourly over 6 h. Selected urinary parameters
were determined for 1500 mg kg-1 dose,
furosemide, and water-treated groups to investigate the
possible mode of action. Using these data, standard
urine indices were calculated. Glomerular filtration
rate (GFR) in terms of creatinine clearance, overt
toxicity, renal toxicity, liver toxicity, as well as
phytochemical screening were also determined.
Results: The highest dose (1500 mgkg-1)
significantly increased urine output (control vs.
treated: 0.74 ± 0.07 vs. 1.38 ± 0.09 mL/100 g) (p <
0.05) r2 = 0.925). The effect of FLAE was
dose-dependent. Increase in urine output was observed
from the 1st hour, peaked at 2nd hour and lasted till
the 6th hour. Furthermore, 1500 mgkg-1 dose of FLAE
caused a significant (p < 0.05) increase in urinary K+
level, aldosterone secretion index, thiazide secretion
index and GFR at 24 h. However, significant decrease in
urinary Na+ level (control vs. treated:
7915.2 ± 423.1 vs. 6611.2 ± 181.3 ppm) was noted with
the highest dose (p < 0.05). Serum alanine transaminase
(ALT), serum aspartate transaminase (AST) and urea
levels were not altered significantly (p > 0.05).
However, serum creatinine level was elevated
significantly (p < 0.05). Phytochemical screening
showed that FLAE contains primary, secondary, tertiary,
quaternary alkaloids/amine oxides, triterpenoids,
unsaturated sterols, leucoanthocyanins, tannins of
pyrogallol type and cyanogenic glycoside.
Conclusion: The results show that FLAE
exhibits moderate oral aquaretic activity.
Keywords: Flueggea leucopyrus,
Diuretic, Aquaretic, Urine output, Toxicity,
Phytochemical |
