Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

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ISSN: 1596-5996 (print); 1596-9827 (electronic)-

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Original Research Article

Antiproliferative Effect of the Methanol Extract of Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav Leaves on Human Breast (T47D) Cells In-vitro

Britanto Dani Wicaksono¹, Yohana Ayupriyanti Handoko², Enos Tangke Arung^1,2, Irawan Wijaya Kusuma², Dina Yulia¹, Aldrin Neilwan Pancaputra³ and Ferry Sandra^1*

¹Stem Cell and Cancer Institute, Jalan Ahmad Yani no. ²Pulomas, Jakarta, 13210, ²Wood Chemistry Laboratory, Forest Product Department, Forestry Faculty, Mulawarman University; Jalan KH. Dewantara, Kampus Gn. Kelua, Samarinda, East Borneo 75123, ³Dharmasis Cancer Hospital, Jalan Letjend S. Parman Kav 84-86, Jakarta 11420, Indonesia.

*Corresponding author: E-mail: fsandra@sci-indonesia.org Tel: +62-21-47860173; Fax: +62-21-47860180

Received: 6 February 2009 Revised accepted: 14 April 2009

Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, August 2009; 8(4): 345-352

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the anti-cancer properties of the methanol extract of Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav. leaves and its mode of action in human breast cancer (T47D) cells.

Methods: The anti-cancer property and mechanism of action of the extract were evaluated by its effect on cell viability, nuclear morphology, cell cycle progression and the expression of phosphorylated p44/p42 as a marker for cell proliferation.

Results: The results showed that there was a reduction of cell viability by the extract in a concentration-dependent manner and no alteration of nuclear morphology was observed. There were negligible changes in Sub-G1 phase formation after extract treatment. Expression of phosphorylated p44/42 was decreased by the extract only. Inclusion of the extract in the incubation medium decreased insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of p44/p42 indicating that the anti-proliferative effect of the extract was via p44/p42 pathway.

Conclusion: All together, the data indicate that P. crocatum methanol extract inhibits the growth of human breast cancer (T47D) cells via inhibition of p44/p42 phosphorylation.

Keywords: Piper crocatum leaf; methanol extract; antiproliferative; breast cancer; T47D cells.